Test Charts / Auto Bild
2023 Auto Bild All Season Tire Test
Compare each discipline in the tested size. See the measured result, position and gap to the best tire, then read the verdict for the trade-offs behind the finishing order.
- Tested size
- 225/45 R17
- Tires tested
- 16
- Disciplines
- 17
Read the measurements, not just the rank
Lower is better for braking distances and lap times; higher is better for subjective scores and aquaplaning speed. Bars start at zero. Read the gap alongside the position: adjacent tires can be separated by very different margins.
Positions and gaps always refer to the full test field within each group. Selecting tires does not recalculate rankings or change the best-in-test benchmark.
Focus on your tires
Select tires to highlight them throughout the charts.
Positions and gaps always refer to the full test field within each group. Selecting tires does not recalculate rankings or change the best-in-test benchmark.
Dry
2Dry Braking
Dry braking in feet (62 - 0 mph)
Lower is better ↓| Position / Tire | Result | Gap to best | Residual speed |
|---|---|---|---|
RefReference Summer |
118 ft | -6 ft | 0 mph |
| 124 ft | Best | 0 mph | |
| 126 ft | +2 ft | 10 mph | |
| 126 ft | +2 ft | 12 mph | |
| 127 ft | +3 ft | 13 mph | |
| 128 ft | +4 ft | 14 mph | |
| 129 ft | +5 ft | 16 mph | |
| 131 ft | +7 ft | 18 mph | |
| 132 ft | +8 ft | 20 mph | |
| 133 ft | +9 ft | 21 mph | |
| 134 ft | +10 ft | 22 mph | |
| 134 ft | +10 ft | 22 mph | |
| 135 ft | +11 ft | 24 mph | |
| 136 ft | +12 ft | 24 mph | |
| 137 ft | +13 ft | 25 mph | |
| 137 ft | +13 ft | 25 mph | |
| 139 ft | +15 ft | 27 mph | |
RefReference Winter |
147 ft | +23 ft | 32 mph |
The difference between best and worst was 24.4% (29 ft ≈ 2 Car Lengths). From 80 mph, the Dunlop Sport All Season would still be travelling at 27 mph when the Michelin CrossClimate 2 had stopped.
Residual speed is calculated from the measured braking distances, assuming constant deceleration; it is not a separate measurement.
Dry Handling
Dry Handling Average Speed
Higher is better ↑| Position / Tire | Result | Gap to best |
|---|---|---|
RefReference Summer |
56.0 mph | +0.2 mph |
| 55.8 mph | Best | |
| 55.4 mph | -0.4 mph | |
| 55.4 mph | -0.4 mph | |
| 55.3 mph | -0.5 mph | |
| 55.2 mph | -0.6 mph | |
| 55.2 mph | -0.6 mph | |
| 55.1 mph | -0.7 mph | |
| 55.0 mph | -0.8 mph | |
| 55.0 mph | -0.8 mph | |
| 54.8 mph | -1.0 mph | |
| 54.7 mph | -1.1 mph | |
| 54.6 mph | -1.2 mph | |
| 54.6 mph | -1.2 mph | |
| 54.6 mph | -1.2 mph | |
| 54.5 mph | -1.3 mph | |
| 54.4 mph | -1.4 mph | |
RefReference Winter |
52.9 mph | -2.9 mph |
The difference between best and worst was 5.5% (3.1 mph).
Wet
5Wet Braking
Wet braking in feet (62 - 0 mph)
Lower is better ↓| Position / Tire | Result | Gap to best | Residual speed |
|---|---|---|---|
RefReference Summer |
141 ft | -7 ft | 0 mph |
| 148 ft | Best | 0 mph | |
| 149 ft | +1 ft | 8 mph | |
| 149 ft | +1 ft | 8 mph | |
| 151 ft | +3 ft | 12 mph | |
| 153 ft | +5 ft | 15 mph | |
| 154 ft | +6 ft | 17 mph | |
| 156 ft | +8 ft | 18 mph | |
| 156 ft | +8 ft | 18 mph | |
| 157 ft | +9 ft | 20 mph | |
| 158 ft | +10 ft | 21 mph | |
| 159 ft | +11 ft | 21 mph | |
| 160 ft | +12 ft | 22 mph | |
RefReference Winter |
162 ft | +14 ft | 24 mph |
| 162 ft | +14 ft | 24 mph | |
| 163 ft | +15 ft | 25 mph | |
| 164 ft | +16 ft | 26 mph | |
| 166 ft | +18 ft | 27 mph |
The difference between best and worst was 17.9% (25 ft ≈ 1.7 Car Lengths). From 80 mph, the Toyo Celsius AS2 would still be travelling at 27 mph when the Bridgestone Turanza All Season 6 had stopped.
Residual speed is calculated from the measured braking distances, assuming constant deceleration; it is not a separate measurement.
Wet Handling
Wet Handling Average Speed
Higher is better ↑| Position / Tire | Result | Gap to best |
|---|---|---|
RefReference Summer |
48.0 mph | +0.7 mph |
| 47.3 mph | Best | |
| 46.5 mph | -0.8 mph | |
| 46.4 mph | -0.9 mph | |
| 46.4 mph | -0.9 mph | |
| 46.4 mph | -0.9 mph | |
RefReference Winter |
46.3 mph | -1.0 mph |
| 46.3 mph | -1.0 mph | |
| 46.3 mph | -1.0 mph | |
| 45.7 mph | -1.6 mph | |
| 45.2 mph | -2.1 mph | |
| 45.2 mph | -2.1 mph | |
| 44.8 mph | -2.5 mph | |
| 44.7 mph | -2.6 mph | |
| 44.1 mph | -3.2 mph | |
| 44.0 mph | -3.3 mph | |
| 44.0 mph | -3.3 mph | |
| 43.8 mph | -3.5 mph |
The difference between best and worst was 8.7% (4.2 mph).
Wet Circle
Wet Circle Lap Time in seconds
Lower is better ↓| Position / Tire | Result | Gap to best |
|---|---|---|
RefReference Summer |
11.56 s | -0.06 s |
| 11.62 s | Best | |
| 11.69 s | +0.07 s | |
| 11.74 s | +0.12 s | |
| 11.83 s | +0.21 s | |
| 11.86 s | +0.24 s | |
| 11.9 s | +0.28 s | |
| 11.94 s | +0.32 s | |
| 11.95 s | +0.33 s | |
| 11.96 s | +0.34 s | |
| 11.99 s | +0.37 s | |
| 12.01 s | +0.39 s | |
RefReference Winter |
12.04 s | +0.42 s |
| 12.06 s | +0.44 s | |
| 12.07 s | +0.45 s | |
| 12.07 s | +0.45 s | |
| 12.21 s | +0.59 s | |
| 12.26 s | +0.64 s |
The difference between best and worst was 6.1% (0.7 s).
Straight Aqua
Float Speed in mph
Higher is better ↑| Position / Tire | Result | Gap to best |
|---|---|---|
| 50.8 mph | Best | |
| 50.0 mph | -0.8 mph | |
| 50.0 mph | -0.8 mph | |
| 49.6 mph | -1.2 mph | |
| 49.2 mph | -1.6 mph | |
RefReference Summer |
49.1 mph | -1.7 mph |
| 49.1 mph | -1.7 mph | |
| 48.8 mph | -2.0 mph | |
| 48.8 mph | -2.0 mph | |
| 47.9 mph | -2.9 mph | |
| 47.3 mph | -3.5 mph | |
| 47.3 mph | -3.5 mph | |
| 46.9 mph | -3.9 mph | |
RefReference Winter |
45.4 mph | -5.4 mph |
| 45.2 mph | -5.6 mph | |
| 45.2 mph | -5.6 mph | |
| 44.9 mph | -5.9 mph | |
| 44.4 mph | -6.4 mph |
The difference between best and worst was 12.5% (6.4 mph).
Curved Aquaplaning
Remaining lateral acceleration
Higher is better ↑| Position / Tire | Result | Gap to best |
|---|---|---|
| 11.7 ft/s² | Best | |
RefReference Summer |
11.2 ft/s² | -0.5 ft/s² |
| 11.1 ft/s² | -0.6 ft/s² | |
| 11.0 ft/s² | -0.7 ft/s² | |
| 11.0 ft/s² | -0.7 ft/s² | |
| 10.9 ft/s² | -0.8 ft/s² | |
| 10.9 ft/s² | -0.8 ft/s² | |
| 10.8 ft/s² | -0.9 ft/s² | |
| 10.7 ft/s² | -1.0 ft/s² | |
| 10.4 ft/s² | -1.3 ft/s² | |
| 10.3 ft/s² | -1.4 ft/s² | |
| 10.3 ft/s² | -1.4 ft/s² | |
| 10.0 ft/s² | -1.7 ft/s² | |
| 9.7 ft/s² | -2.0 ft/s² | |
RefReference Winter |
9.6 ft/s² | -2.1 ft/s² |
| 9.3 ft/s² | -2.4 ft/s² | |
| 8.7 ft/s² | -3.0 ft/s² | |
| 8.0 ft/s² | -3.7 ft/s² |
The difference between best and worst was 31.8% (3.7 ft/s²).
Snow
4Snow Braking
Snow braking in feet (31 - 0 mph)
Lower is better ↓| Position / Tire | Result | Gap to best | Residual speed |
|---|---|---|---|
RefReference Winter |
69 ft | -5 ft | 0 mph |
| 74 ft | Best | 0 mph | |
| 75 ft | +1 ft | 11 mph | |
| 75 ft | +1 ft | 12 mph | |
| 76 ft | +2 ft | 13 mph | |
| 76 ft | +2 ft | 13 mph | |
| 76 ft | +2 ft | 13 mph | |
| 76 ft | +2 ft | 14 mph | |
| 76 ft | +2 ft | 14 mph | |
| 77 ft | +3 ft | 16 mph | |
| 77 ft | +3 ft | 16 mph | |
| 77 ft | +3 ft | 17 mph | |
| 78 ft | +4 ft | 19 mph | |
| 78 ft | +4 ft | 19 mph | |
| 80 ft | +6 ft | 23 mph | |
| 81 ft | +7 ft | 24 mph | |
| 84 ft | +10 ft | 28 mph | |
RefReference Summer |
211 ft | +137 ft | 65 mph |
The difference between best and worst was 207.7% (142 ft ≈ 9.6 Car Lengths). From 80 mph, the Falken Euroall Season AS220 Pro would still be travelling at 28 mph when the Goodyear Vector 4Seasons Gen 3 had stopped.
Residual speed is calculated from the measured braking distances, assuming constant deceleration; it is not a separate measurement.
Snow Traction
Pulling Force in pounds-force
Higher is better ↑| Position / Tire | Result | Gap to best |
|---|---|---|
RefReference Winter |
650 lbf | +26 lbf |
| 624 lbf | Best | |
| 622 lbf | -2 lbf | |
| 617 lbf | -7 lbf | |
| 610 lbf | -14 lbf | |
| 604 lbf | -20 lbf | |
| 603 lbf | -21 lbf | |
| 601 lbf | -23 lbf | |
| 598 lbf | -26 lbf | |
| 593 lbf | -31 lbf | |
| 587 lbf | -37 lbf | |
| 585 lbf | -39 lbf | |
| 582 lbf | -42 lbf | |
| 571 lbf | -53 lbf | |
| 564 lbf | -60 lbf | |
| 557 lbf | -67 lbf | |
| 542 lbf | -82 lbf | |
RefReference Summer |
185 lbf | -439 lbf |
The difference between best and worst was 71.6% (465 lbf).
Snow Handling
Snow handling average speed
Higher is better ↑| Position / Tire | Result | Gap to best |
|---|---|---|
RefReference Winter |
36.5 mph | +0.4 mph |
| 36.1 mph | Best | |
| 35.8 mph | -0.3 mph | |
| 35.8 mph | -0.3 mph | |
| 35.7 mph | -0.4 mph | |
| 35.7 mph | -0.4 mph | |
| 35.7 mph | -0.4 mph | |
| 35.7 mph | -0.4 mph | |
| 35.6 mph | -0.5 mph | |
| 35.5 mph | -0.6 mph | |
| 35.4 mph | -0.7 mph | |
| 35.0 mph | -1.1 mph | |
| 34.9 mph | -1.2 mph | |
| 34.7 mph | -1.4 mph | |
| 34.5 mph | -1.6 mph | |
| 34.4 mph | -1.7 mph | |
| 34.1 mph | -2.0 mph | |
RefReference Summer |
0.6 mph | -35.5 mph |
The difference between best and worst was 98.3% (35.9 mph).
Snow Slalom
Lateral acceleration
Higher is better ↑| Position / Tire | Result | Gap to best |
|---|---|---|
RefReference Winter |
14.0 ft/s² | 0.0 ft/s² |
| 14.0 ft/s² | Best | |
| 13.9 ft/s² | -0.1 ft/s² | |
| 13.7 ft/s² | -0.3 ft/s² | |
| 13.6 ft/s² | -0.4 ft/s² | |
| 13.4 ft/s² | -0.6 ft/s² | |
| 13.4 ft/s² | -0.6 ft/s² | |
| 13.3 ft/s² | -0.7 ft/s² | |
| 13.2 ft/s² | -0.8 ft/s² | |
| 12.9 ft/s² | -1.1 ft/s² | |
| 12.8 ft/s² | -1.2 ft/s² | |
| 12.5 ft/s² | -1.5 ft/s² | |
| 12.5 ft/s² | -1.5 ft/s² | |
| 12.4 ft/s² | -1.6 ft/s² | |
| 12.0 ft/s² | -2.0 ft/s² | |
| 11.9 ft/s² | -2.1 ft/s² | |
| 11.7 ft/s² | -2.3 ft/s² | |
RefReference Summer |
5.3 ft/s² | -8.7 ft/s² |
The difference between best and worst was 62.3% (8.7 ft/s²).
Comfort
2Noise
External noise in dB
Lower is better ↓| Position / Tire | Result | Gap to best |
|---|---|---|
| 72 dB | Best | |
| 72.2 dB | +0.20 dB | |
| 72.3 dB | +0.30 dB | |
RefReference Winter |
72.5 dB | +0.50 dB |
| 72.6 dB | +0.60 dB | |
| 72.7 dB | +0.70 dB | |
| 72.7 dB | +0.70 dB | |
| 72.8 dB | +0.80 dB | |
| 72.8 dB | +0.80 dB | |
| 72.9 dB | +0.90 dB | |
| 73 dB | +1.00 dB | |
| 73.1 dB | +1.10 dB | |
| 73.1 dB | +1.10 dB | |
RefReference Summer |
73.2 dB | +1.20 dB |
| 73.3 dB | +1.30 dB | |
| 73.3 dB | +1.30 dB | |
| 73.3 dB | +1.30 dB | |
| 74.2 dB | +2.20 dB |
The difference between best and worst was 3.1% (2.2 dB).
Tire Weight
Tire Weight Per Set
Lower is better ↓| Position / Tire | Result | Gap to best |
|---|---|---|
| 75.0 lb | Best | |
| 76.9 lb | +1.9 lb | |
| 77.2 lb | +2.2 lb | |
| 77.8 lb | +2.8 lb | |
| 77.8 lb | +2.8 lb | |
| 79.8 lb | +4.8 lb | |
| 80.0 lb | +5.0 lb | |
| 80.2 lb | +5.2 lb | |
| 80.2 lb | +5.2 lb | |
| 80.2 lb | +5.2 lb | |
| 80.5 lb | +5.5 lb | |
| 82.0 lb | +7.0 lb | |
| 82.0 lb | +7.0 lb | |
| 82.7 lb | +7.7 lb | |
| 83.8 lb | +8.8 lb | |
| 85.3 lb | +10.3 lb |
The difference between best and worst was 13.8% (10.3 lb).
Value
4Wear
Predicted tread life in KM
Higher is better ↑| Position / Tire | Result | Gap to best |
|---|---|---|
| 46,624 miles | Best | |
| 37,462 miles | -9,162 miles | |
| 36,613 miles | -10,011 miles | |
| 35,498 miles | -11,126 miles | |
| 35,447 miles | -11,177 miles | |
| 34,804 miles | -11,820 miles | |
| 32,282 miles | -14,342 miles | |
| 30,941 miles | -15,683 miles | |
| 30,453 miles | -16,171 miles | |
| 27,346 miles | -19,278 miles | |
| 26,776 miles | -19,848 miles | |
| 26,375 miles | -20,249 miles | |
| 25,052 miles | -21,572 miles | |
| 24,537 miles | -22,087 miles | |
| 21,325 miles | -25,299 miles | |
| 18,680 miles | -27,944 miles |
The difference between best and worst was 59.9% (27,944 miles).
Value
Euros/1000km based on cost/wear
Lower is better ↓| Position / Tire | Result | Gap to best | cost per 1,000 miles |
|---|---|---|---|
| 4.6 Price/1000 | Best | €13.94 | |
| 6.16 Price/1000 | +1.56 Price/1000 | €21.40 | |
| 6.47 Price/1000 | +1.87 Price/1000 | €18.69 | |
| 7.05 Price/1000 | +2.45 Price/1000 | €18.94 | |
| 7.35 Price/1000 | +2.75 Price/1000 | €22.13 | |
| 7.61 Price/1000 | +3.01 Price/1000 | €20.46 | |
| 8.15 Price/1000 | +3.55 Price/1000 | €18.11 | |
| 8.71 Price/1000 | +4.11 Price/1000 | €19.78 | |
| 8.76 Price/1000 | +4.16 Price/1000 | €19.23 | |
| 9.75 Price/1000 | +5.15 Price/1000 | €24.89 | |
| 10.13 Price/1000 | +5.53 Price/1000 | €22.24 | |
| 10.13 Price/1000 | +5.53 Price/1000 | €27.44 | |
| 10.74 Price/1000 | +6.14 Price/1000 | €23.71 | |
| 12.28 Price/1000 | +7.68 Price/1000 | €25.76 | |
| 12.53 Price/1000 | +7.93 Price/1000 | €34.42 | |
| 12.64 Price/1000 | +8.04 Price/1000 | €24.09 |
The difference between best and worst was 174.8% (8.04 Price/1000). Over 25,000 miles the cheapest tire to own (Nexen N Blue 4Season 2) works out €512 cheaper than the most expensive (Falken Euroall Season AS220 Pro).
How this is calculated
Assumes a typical car doing 29 mpg (rolling resistance causing 20% of fuel use), fuel at €6.25 per gallon and €70 fitting per set of four. Purchase prices are from the time of the 2023 test; financing costs are excluded.
Rolling Resistance
Rolling resistance in kg t
Lower is better ↓| Position / Tire | Result | Gap to best | Extra fuel / year |
|---|---|---|---|
| 7.16 kg/t | Best | $0 | |
| 7.68 kg/t | +0.52 kg/t | $21 | |
| 7.68 kg/t | +0.52 kg/t | $21 | |
| 7.69 kg/t | +0.53 kg/t | $22 | |
| 7.69 kg/t | +0.53 kg/t | $22 | |
| 7.7 kg/t | +0.54 kg/t | $22 | |
| 7.86 kg/t | +0.70 kg/t | $29 | |
RefReference Summer |
7.88 kg/t | +0.72 kg/t | $30 |
| 8.01 kg/t | +0.85 kg/t | $35 | |
| 8.1 kg/t | +0.94 kg/t | $39 | |
| 8.21 kg/t | +1.05 kg/t | $43 | |
| 8.24 kg/t | +1.08 kg/t | $44 | |
| 8.27 kg/t | +1.11 kg/t | $46 | |
| 8.51 kg/t | +1.35 kg/t | $55 | |
RefReference Winter |
8.52 kg/t | +1.36 kg/t | $56 |
| 8.59 kg/t | +1.43 kg/t | $59 | |
| 8.73 kg/t | +1.57 kg/t | $64 | |
| 9.01 kg/t | +1.85 kg/t | $76 |
The difference between best and worst was 25.8% (1.85 kg / t). Over 12,000 miles a year at $3.60/gal, the Falken Euroall Season AS220 Pro uses about 21 gal ($76) more fuel than the Firestone MultiSeason Gen 02.
Adjust the assumptions
Calculated estimates, not additional measurements. Use the controls to explore the assumptions. These calculators use the full test field, independently of your tire selection above.
Fuel Consumption
Fuel consumption in Liters per 100 km
Lower is better ↓| Position / Tire | Result | Gap to best | Extra fuel / year |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5.35 l/100km | Best | $0 | |
| 5.46 l/100km | +0.11 l/100km | $20 | |
| 5.47 l/100km | +0.12 l/100km | $22 | |
| 5.48 l/100km | +0.13 l/100km | $24 | |
| 5.49 l/100km | +0.14 l/100km | $26 | |
| 5.56 l/100km | +0.21 l/100km | $39 | |
| 5.57 l/100km | +0.22 l/100km | $40 | |
| 5.58 l/100km | +0.23 l/100km | $42 | |
| 5.64 l/100km | +0.29 l/100km | $53 | |
| 5.65 l/100km | +0.30 l/100km | $55 | |
| 5.66 l/100km | +0.31 l/100km | $57 | |
| 5.67 l/100km | +0.32 l/100km | $59 | |
| 5.68 l/100km | +0.33 l/100km | $61 | |
| 5.68 l/100km | +0.33 l/100km | $61 | |
| 5.74 l/100km | +0.39 l/100km | $72 | |
| 5.78 l/100km | +0.43 l/100km | $79 |
The difference between best and worst was 8% (0.43 l/100km). Over 12,000 miles a year at $3.60/gal, the Vredestein Quatrac uses about 22 gal ($79) more fuel than the Dunlop Sport All Season.
Adjust the assumptions
Calculated estimates, not additional measurements. Use the controls to explore the assumptions. These calculators use the full test field, independently of your tire selection above.
Test setup & methodology
The test setting, the conditions recorded and how the results contribute to the score.
Recorded test conditions
Recorded test conditions
- Dry Braking
- 62.1 → 0.0 mph
- Wet Braking
- 62.1 → 0.0 mph
- Snow Braking
- 31.1 → 0.0 mph
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